Today’s political landscape is filled with divisive language. Leaders often label opponents as “enemies,” “monsters,” or even “evil.” This kind of language makes cooperation and understanding nearly impossible. When people view each other as irredeemable or malicious, it becomes difficult to work together toward common goals. This “us vs. them” mentality fuels conflict and discourages dialogue.

Buddhism teachings offer a different approach. Instead of seeing others as “evil,” Buddhist principles suggest viewing those we disagree with as “mistaken.” This shift in perspective encourages patience, understanding, and a commitment to peaceful coexistence.

The Core of Buddhist Belief

Image by Agarthian on freepik | The King of Bhutan encourages mindfulness for peace.

At the heart of Buddhist teachings is a belief in the potential for mindfulness in everyone. Buddhism sees mindfulness as a key step on the path to enlightenment. Practicing mindfulness means shifting from reacting immediately to a situation to responding thoughtfully and with intention.

When a person practices mindfulness, they can observe their own emotions and thoughts—whether it’s anger, joy, fear, or doubt—without acting on them impulsively. This approach allows individuals to step back, consider their feelings, and choose how to respond. Over time, mindfulness cultivates inner freedom, helping people live in a more peaceful and deliberate way.

Thich Nhat Hanh’s Belief in “Buddha Nature”

The Vietnamese Zen master, Thich Nhat Hanh, shared a belief that aligns with these ideas. He taught that everyone possesses a “Buddha nature,” meaning everyone has the potential to live mindfully and develop compassion. According to Nhat Hanh, every person can become a Buddha by paying attention to their habitual reactions and choosing kindness and understanding over anger or resentment. In this way, Buddhist teachings guide people to lead lives rooted in compassion.

The Story of Angulimala

One powerful example of these principles is the story of Angulimala, a feared murderer during the Buddha’s time. When the Buddha entered the town of Shravasti, the streets were empty, and the residents were in hiding. Angulimala was known to be in the area, causing fear among the townspeople. However, instead of hiding, the Buddha continued his walk without hesitation.

When Angulimala saw him, he demanded that the Buddha stop. “I told you to stop, monk. Why don’t you stop?” Angulimala asked. The Buddha replied calmly, “I stopped a long time ago. It is you who have not stopped.”

Confused, Angulimala asked what he meant. The Buddha explained, “I stopped causing harm to other living beings a long time ago. I protect life—all life, not just human life. All beings fear death, and all want to live. We should nurture compassion in our hearts and protect others.”

Instead of treating Angulimala as a “monster,” the Buddha spoke to him with patience and compassion. He offered Angulimala a path to change through mindfulness and nonviolence. Touched by the Buddha’s words, Angulimala expressed his fear of being unforgivable due to his past. The Buddha reassured him, promising protection if he committed to a life of mindfulness, peace, and making amends. Over time, Angulimala changed and was given a new name, Ahimsaka—meaning “the Nonviolent One.”

The Buddhist View on “Evil” Actions and Redemption

In Buddhist teachings, no one is truly “evil” in the sense of being beyond redemption. People may commit harmful acts, but this is often due to ignorance, fear, or greed. Buddhism holds that these negative qualities can be overcome. Ignorance can be enlightened, fear can be faced, and greed can be transformed. There is always a path forward, and everyone has the capacity to change.

This perspective is powerful because it reframes conflict. Instead of labeling others as “monsters” or “demons,” Buddhist teachings suggest that people are simply “mistaken” or “unmindful.” This shift in thinking encourages dialogue, making it easier to understand and engage with others, even in times of disagreement.

The Consequences of Labeling Others as “Evil”

When people label their opponents as “evil” or “monsters,” they close off the possibility of conversation. This approach leads to distrust and conflict. If someone is truly “evil,” it seems pointless to engage with them or attempt to find common ground. Some may even feel that “evil” people must be defeated by any means, including violence.

This language damages society by creating deep divides. For a community to function, people need to cooperate, even when they disagree. Seeing others as “mistaken” rather than “evil” can foster this cooperation and help restore trust.

Replacing Divisive Language with Constructive Words

At a retreat in France’s Plum Village monastery in 2024, participants in a workshop on “Engaged Buddhism” practiced a different approach to disagreement. Instead of calling people “evil” or “monstrous,” they used terms like “unaware,” “heedless,” or “unskilled.” These words acknowledge that others may be misguided without completely dismissing them.

Making this change in language is challenging, especially in tense situations. However, it can have a significant impact. By viewing others as simply mistaken or misinformed, people open the door to understanding and potential resolution.

Practical Ways to Apply Buddhism in Daily Life

Image by EyeEm on freepik | Buddhist teachings help bring peace to conflict.

The teachings of Buddhism offer valuable tools for anyone seeking to resolve conflict. Here are a few ways to apply these principles in daily life:

Practice mindfulness: Observe your own emotions and reactions. Give yourself time to think before responding.
Reframe disagreements: Instead of labeling others negatively, try to see them as mistaken or misinformed.
Choose compassionate language: Use words that open the door to dialogue rather than shutting it down.
Focus on understanding: When in conflict, aim to understand the other person’s perspective, even if you disagree.

By following these steps, individuals can foster more understanding, reduce hostility, and create space for cooperation.

Buddhism Teachings as a Path Forward

In a world often divided by labels and hostile language, Buddhist teachings offer a refreshing alternative. They remind us that everyone has the capacity for mindfulness, compassion, and growth. Instead of condemning others as “evil,” these teachings encourage patience, understanding, and dialogue.

Furthermore, as society faces challenges, the principles of Buddhism can serve as a guide. By practicing mindfulness and reframing conflict, individuals and communities can work toward a more harmonious future. In times of division, Buddhist teachings provide a way to bridge gaps, build trust, and promote peace. Therefore, Buddhism offers not just personal transformation but also a path forward for society as a whole.